How do lipids and carbohydrates differ?

Carbohydrates (sugars, starches, cellulose)

• Made from joining H2O and CO2 by plants during photosynthesis (we will discuss this on February 12)
• Monomer: Simple sugars: CH2O (ratio of one carbon and one oxygen to every 2 hydrogens)
• Bread, cereal, potatoes, fruits, vegetables, and pasta = are made mostly of carbohydrates (sugars and starches).
• Three main functions: energy for cells, structural support, cell-cell communication

Lipids - Fats, oils, phospholipids, and steroids - All are hydrophobic (water-hating)! 3 main types:
1. Triacylglycerols (fats and oils)

• Structure: Made from 1 glycerol + 3 fatty acid tails = tri-acylglycerol
• Example: Fats: Butter, lard Oils: Corn oil, olive oil, margerine
• Note: Vary in length and location of double bonds in tail

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